ImageSharp/SixLabors.Fonts/Unicode/StateAutomation/StateMachine.cs

// Copyright (c) Six Labors.
// Licensed under the Six Labors Split License.

using SixLabors.Fonts;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace UnicodeTrieGenerator.StateAutomation {
  internal class StateMachine
  {
      private const int InitialState = 1;
      private const int FailState = 0;

      /// <summary>
      /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="StateMachine"/> class.
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="stateTable">The state table.</param>
      /// <param name="accepting">The accepting states.</param>
      /// <param name="tags">The tags.</param>
      public StateMachine(int[][] stateTable, bool[] accepting, string[][] tags)
      {
          this.StateTable = stateTable;
          this.Accepting = accepting;
          this.Tags = tags;
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Gets the state table.
      /// </summary>
      public int[][] StateTable { get; }

      /// <summary>
      /// Gets the accepting states.
      /// </summary>
      public bool[] Accepting { get; }

      /// <summary>
      /// Gets the tags.
      /// </summary>
      public string[][] Tags { get; }

      /// <summary>
      /// Returns an iterable object that yields pattern matches over the input sequence.
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="input">The input sequence.</param>
      /// <returns>The <see cref="IEnumerable{StateMatch}"/>.</returns>
      public IEnumerable<StateMatch> Match(ReadOnlySpan<int> input)
      {
          int state = InitialState;
          int? startRun = null;
          int? lastAccepting = null;

          List<StateMatch> matches = new(input.Length);

          for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++)
          {
              int c = input[i];

              int lastState = state;
              state = this.StateTable[state][c];

              if (state == FailState)
              {
                  // yield the last match if any.
                  if (startRun != null && lastAccepting != null && lastAccepting >= startRun)
                  {
                      matches.Add(new StateMatch()
                      {
                          StartIndex = startRun.Value,
                          EndIndex = lastAccepting.Value,
                          Tags = this.Tags[lastState]
                      });
                  }

                  // reset the state as if we started over from the initial state
                  state = this.StateTable[InitialState][c];
                  startRun = null;
              }

              // start a run if not in the failure state
              if (state != FailState && startRun == null)
              {
                  startRun = i;
              }

              // if accepting, mark the potential match end
              if (this.Accepting[state])
              {
                  lastAccepting = i;
              }

              // reset the state to the initial state if we get into the failure state
              if (state == FailState)
              {
                  state = InitialState;
              }
          }

          // yield the last match if any.
          if (startRun != null && lastAccepting != null && lastAccepting >= startRun)
          {
              matches.Add(new StateMatch()
              {
                  StartIndex = startRun.Value,
                  EndIndex = lastAccepting.Value,
                  Tags = this.Tags[state]
              });
          }

          return matches;
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// For each match over the input sequence, action functions matching
      /// the tag definitions in the input pattern are called with the startIndex,
      /// length, and the sequence to be sliced.
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="input">The input sequence.</param>
      /// <param name="actions">The collection of actions.</param>
      public void Apply(int[] input, Dictionary<string, Action<int, int, ArraySlice<int>>> actions)
      {
          foreach (StateMatch match in this.Match(input))
          {
              foreach (string tag in match.Tags)
              {
                  if (actions.TryGetValue(tag, out Action<int, int, ArraySlice<int>>? action))
                  {
                      action(match.StartIndex, match.EndIndex, new ArraySlice<int>(input, match.StartIndex, match.EndIndex + 1 - match.StartIndex));
                  }
              }
          }
      }
  }

  internal class StateMatch : IEquatable<StateMatch?>
  {
      public int StartIndex { get; set; }

      public int EndIndex { get; set; }

      public IList<string> Tags { get; set; } = Array.Empty<string>();

      public override bool Equals(object? obj) => this.Equals(obj as StateMatch);

      public bool Equals(StateMatch? other)
          => other is not null
          && this.StartIndex == other.StartIndex
          && this.EndIndex == other.EndIndex
          && this.Tags.SequenceEqual(other.Tags);

      public override int GetHashCode()
          => HashCode.Combine(this.StartIndex, this.EndIndex, this.Tags);
  }
}