682 lines
24 KiB
C#
682 lines
24 KiB
C#
using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.Globalization;
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using System.IO;
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using System.Linq;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Threading;
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using System.Threading.Tasks;
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namespace Unosquare.Swan {
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/// <summary>
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/// Provides various extension methods for byte arrays and streams.
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/// </summary>
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public static class ByteArrayExtensions {
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to its lower-case, hexadecimal representation.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <param name="addPrefix">if set to <c>true</c> add the 0x prefix tot he output.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// The specified string instance; no actual conversion is performed.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">bytes.</exception>
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public static String ToLowerHex(this Byte[] bytes, Boolean addPrefix = false)
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=> ToHex(bytes, addPrefix, "x2");
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to its upper-case, hexadecimal representation.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <param name="addPrefix">if set to <c>true</c> [add prefix].</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// The specified string instance; no actual conversion is performed.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">bytes.</exception>
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public static String ToUpperHex(this Byte[] bytes, Boolean addPrefix = false)
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=> ToHex(bytes, addPrefix, "X2");
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to a sequence of dash-separated, hexadecimal,
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/// uppercase characters.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A string of hexadecimal pairs separated by hyphens, where each pair represents
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/// the corresponding element in value; for example, "7F-2C-4A-00".
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/// </returns>
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public static String ToDashedHex(this Byte[] bytes) => BitConverter.ToString(bytes);
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to a base-64 encoded string.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <returns>A <see cref="System.String" /> converted from an array of bytes.</returns>
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public static String ToBase64(this Byte[] bytes) => Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts a set of hexadecimal characters (uppercase or lowercase)
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/// to a byte array. String length must be a multiple of 2 and
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/// any prefix (such as 0x) has to be avoided for this to work properly.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="hex">The hexadecimal.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">hex.</exception>
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public static Byte[] ConvertHexadecimalToBytes(this String hex) {
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if(String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(hex)) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(hex));
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}
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return Enumerable
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.Range(0, hex.Length / 2)
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.Select(x => Convert.ToByte(hex.Substring(x * 2, 2), 16))
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.ToArray();
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Gets the bit value at the given offset.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="b">The b.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// Bit value at the given offset.
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/// </returns>
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public static Byte GetBitValueAt(this Byte b, Byte offset, Byte length = 1) => (Byte)((b >> offset) & ~(0xff << length));
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/// <summary>
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/// Sets the bit value at the given offset.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="b">The b.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
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/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
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/// <returns>Bit value at the given offset.</returns>
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public static Byte SetBitValueAt(this Byte b, Byte offset, Byte length, Byte value) {
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Int32 mask = ~(0xff << length);
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Byte valueAt = (Byte)(value & mask);
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return (Byte)((valueAt << offset) | (b & ~(mask << offset)));
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Sets the bit value at the given offset.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="b">The b.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
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/// <returns>Bit value at the given offset.</returns>
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public static Byte SetBitValueAt(this Byte b, Byte offset, Byte value) => b.SetBitValueAt(offset, 1, value);
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/// <summary>
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/// Splits a byte array delimited by the specified sequence of bytes.
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/// Each individual element in the result will contain the split sequence terminator if it is found to be delimited by it.
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/// For example if you split [1,2,3,4] by a sequence of [2,3] this method will return a list with 2 byte arrays, one containing [1,2,3] and the
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/// second one containing 4. Use the Trim extension methods to remove terminator sequences.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset at which to start splitting bytes. Any bytes before this will be discarded.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results the specified sequence of bytes.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentNullException">
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/// buffer
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/// or
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/// sequence.
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/// </exception>
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public static List<Byte[]> Split(this Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, params Byte[] sequence) {
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if(buffer == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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}
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if(sequence == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sequence));
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}
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Int32 seqOffset = offset.Clamp(0, buffer.Length - 1);
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List<Byte[]> result = new List<Byte[]>();
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while(seqOffset < buffer.Length) {
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Int32 separatorStartIndex = buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence, seqOffset);
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if(separatorStartIndex >= 0) {
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Byte[] item = new Byte[separatorStartIndex - seqOffset + sequence.Length];
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Array.Copy(buffer, seqOffset, item, 0, item.Length);
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result.Add(item);
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seqOffset += item.Length;
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} else {
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Byte[] item = new Byte[buffer.Length - seqOffset];
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Array.Copy(buffer, seqOffset, item, 0, item.Length);
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result.Add(item);
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break;
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}
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}
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Clones the specified buffer, byte by byte.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <returns>A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.</returns>
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public static Byte[] DeepClone(this Byte[] buffer) {
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if(buffer == null) {
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return null;
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}
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Byte[] result = new Byte[buffer.Length];
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Array.Copy(buffer, result, buffer.Length);
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Removes the specified sequence from the start of the buffer if the buffer begins with such sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A new trimmed byte array.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static Byte[] TrimStart(this Byte[] buffer, params Byte[] sequence) {
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if(buffer == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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}
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if(buffer.StartsWith(sequence) == false) {
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return buffer.DeepClone();
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}
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Byte[] result = new Byte[buffer.Length - sequence.Length];
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Array.Copy(buffer, sequence.Length, result, 0, result.Length);
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Removes the specified sequence from the end of the buffer if the buffer ends with such sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static Byte[] TrimEnd(this Byte[] buffer, params Byte[] sequence) {
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if(buffer == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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}
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if(buffer.EndsWith(sequence) == false) {
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return buffer.DeepClone();
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}
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Byte[] result = new Byte[buffer.Length - sequence.Length];
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Array.Copy(buffer, 0, result, 0, result.Length);
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Removes the specified sequence from the end and the start of the buffer
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/// if the buffer ends and/or starts with such sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.</returns>
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public static Byte[] Trim(this Byte[] buffer, params Byte[] sequence) {
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Byte[] trimStart = buffer.TrimStart(sequence);
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return trimStart.TrimEnd(sequence);
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines if the specified buffer ends with the given sequence of bytes.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// True if the specified buffer is ends; otherwise, false.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static Boolean EndsWith(this Byte[] buffer, params Byte[] sequence) {
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if(buffer == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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}
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Int32 startIndex = buffer.Length - sequence.Length;
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return buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence, startIndex) == startIndex;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines if the specified buffer starts with the given sequence of bytes.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns><c>true</c> if the specified buffer starts; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
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public static Boolean StartsWith(this Byte[] buffer, params Byte[] sequence) => buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence) == 0;
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines whether the buffer contains the specified sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// <c>true</c> if [contains] [the specified sequence]; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
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/// </returns>
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public static Boolean Contains(this Byte[] buffer, params Byte[] sequence) => buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence) >= 0;
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines whether the buffer exactly matches, byte by byte the specified sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// <c>true</c> if [is equal to] [the specified sequence]; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static Boolean IsEqualTo(this Byte[] buffer, params Byte[] sequence) {
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if(ReferenceEquals(buffer, sequence)) {
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return true;
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}
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if(buffer == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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}
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return buffer.Length == sequence.Length && buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence) == 0;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Returns the first instance of the matched sequence based on the given offset.
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/// If nomatches are found then this method returns -1.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <returns>The index of the sequence.</returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
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/// buffer
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/// or
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/// sequence.
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/// </exception>
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public static Int32 GetIndexOf(this Byte[] buffer, Byte[] sequence, Int32 offset = 0) {
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if(buffer == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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}
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if(sequence == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sequence));
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}
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if(sequence.Length == 0) {
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return -1;
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}
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if(sequence.Length > buffer.Length) {
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return -1;
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}
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Int32 seqOffset = offset < 0 ? 0 : offset;
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Int32 matchedCount = 0;
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for(Int32 i = seqOffset; i < buffer.Length; i++) {
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if(buffer[i] == sequence[matchedCount]) {
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matchedCount++;
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} else {
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matchedCount = 0;
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}
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if(matchedCount == sequence.Length) {
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return i - (matchedCount - 1);
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}
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}
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return -1;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Appends the Memory Stream with the specified buffer.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// The same MemoryStream instance.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
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/// stream
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/// or
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/// buffer.
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/// </exception>
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public static MemoryStream Append(this MemoryStream stream, Byte[] buffer) {
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if(stream == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
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}
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if(buffer == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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}
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stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
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return stream;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Appends the Memory Stream with the specified buffer.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// Block of bytes to the current stream using data read from a buffer.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static MemoryStream Append(this MemoryStream stream, IEnumerable<Byte> buffer) => Append(stream, buffer?.ToArray());
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/// <summary>
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/// Appends the Memory Stream with the specified set of buffers.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
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/// <param name="buffers">The buffers.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// Block of bytes to the current stream using data read from a buffer.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffers.</exception>
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public static MemoryStream Append(this MemoryStream stream, IEnumerable<Byte[]> buffers) {
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if(buffers == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffers));
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}
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foreach(Byte[] buffer in buffers) {
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_ = Append(stream, buffer);
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}
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return stream;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes into text with the specified encoding.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="encoding">The encoding.</param>
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/// <returns>A <see cref="System.String" /> that contains the results of decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
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public static String ToText(this IEnumerable<Byte> buffer, Encoding encoding) => encoding.GetString(buffer.ToArray());
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes into text with UTF8 encoding.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <returns>A <see cref="System.String" /> that contains the results of decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
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public static String ToText(this IEnumerable<Byte> buffer) => buffer.ToText(Encoding.UTF8);
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/// <summary>
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/// Retrieves a sub-array from the specified <paramref name="array"/>. A sub-array starts at
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/// the specified element position in <paramref name="array"/>.
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/// </summary>
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/// <returns>
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/// An array of T that receives a sub-array, or an empty array of T if any problems with
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/// the parameters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <param name="array">
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/// An array of T from which to retrieve a sub-array.
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/// </param>
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/// <param name="startIndex">
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/// An <see cref="Int32"/> that represents the zero-based starting position of
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/// a sub-array in <paramref name="array"/>.
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/// </param>
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/// <param name="length">
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/// An <see cref="Int32"/> that represents the number of elements to retrieve.
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/// </param>
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/// <typeparam name="T">
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/// The type of elements in <paramref name="array"/>.
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/// </typeparam>
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public static T[] SubArray<T>(this T[] array, Int32 startIndex, Int32 length) {
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Int32 len;
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if(array == null || (len = array.Length) == 0) {
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return new T[0];
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}
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if(startIndex < 0 || length <= 0 || startIndex + length > len) {
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return new T[0];
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}
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if(startIndex == 0 && length == len) {
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return array;
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}
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T[] subArray = new T[length];
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Array.Copy(array, startIndex, subArray, 0, length);
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return subArray;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Retrieves a sub-array from the specified <paramref name="array"/>. A sub-array starts at
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/// the specified element position in <paramref name="array"/>.
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/// </summary>
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/// <returns>
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/// An array of T that receives a sub-array, or an empty array of T if any problems with
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/// the parameters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <param name="array">
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/// An array of T from which to retrieve a sub-array.
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/// </param>
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/// <param name="startIndex">
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/// A <see cref="Int64"/> that represents the zero-based starting position of
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/// a sub-array in <paramref name="array"/>.
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/// </param>
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/// <param name="length">
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/// A <see cref="Int64"/> that represents the number of elements to retrieve.
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/// </param>
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/// <typeparam name="T">
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/// The type of elements in <paramref name="array"/>.
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/// </typeparam>
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public static T[] SubArray<T>(this T[] array, Int64 startIndex, Int64 length) => array.SubArray((Int32)startIndex, (Int32)length);
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/// <summary>
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/// Reads the bytes asynchronous.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
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/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
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/// <param name="bufferLength">Length of the buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="ct">The cancellation token.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">stream.</exception>
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public static async Task<Byte[]> ReadBytesAsync(this Stream stream, Int64 length, Int32 bufferLength, CancellationToken ct = default) {
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if(stream == null) {
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
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}
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using(MemoryStream dest = new MemoryStream()) {
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try {
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Byte[] buff = new Byte[bufferLength];
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while(length > 0) {
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if(length < bufferLength) {
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bufferLength = (Int32)length;
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}
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Int32 nread = await stream.ReadAsync(buff, 0, bufferLength, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
|
|
if(nread == 0) {
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
dest.Write(buff, 0, nread);
|
|
length -= nread;
|
|
}
|
|
} catch {
|
|
// ignored
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return dest.ToArray();
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|
/// Reads the bytes asynchronous.
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|
/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
|
|
/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
|
|
/// <param name="ct">The cancellation token.</param>
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|
/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">stream.</exception>
|
|
public static async Task<Byte[]> ReadBytesAsync(this Stream stream, Int32 length, CancellationToken ct = default) {
|
|
if(stream == null) {
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Byte[] buff = new Byte[length];
|
|
Int32 offset = 0;
|
|
try {
|
|
while(length > 0) {
|
|
Int32 nread = await stream.ReadAsync(buff, offset, length, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
|
|
if(nread == 0) {
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
offset += nread;
|
|
length -= nread;
|
|
}
|
|
} catch {
|
|
// ignored
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return buff.SubArray(0, offset);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|
/// Converts an array of sbytes to an array of bytes.
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|
/// <param name="sbyteArray">The sbyte array.</param>
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|
/// The byte array from conversion.
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">sbyteArray.</exception>
|
|
public static Byte[] ToByteArray(this SByte[] sbyteArray) {
|
|
if(sbyteArray == null) {
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sbyteArray));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Byte[] byteArray = new Byte[sbyteArray.Length];
|
|
for(Int32 index = 0; index < sbyteArray.Length; index++) {
|
|
byteArray[index] = (Byte)sbyteArray[index];
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return byteArray;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|
/// Receives a byte array and returns it transformed in an sbyte array.
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|
/// <param name="byteArray">The byte array.</param>
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|
/// The sbyte array from conversion.
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">byteArray.</exception>
|
|
public static SByte[] ToSByteArray(this Byte[] byteArray) {
|
|
if(byteArray == null) {
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(byteArray));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
SByte[] sbyteArray = new SByte[byteArray.Length];
|
|
for(Int32 index = 0; index < byteArray.Length; index++) {
|
|
sbyteArray[index] = (SByte)byteArray[index];
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return sbyteArray;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|
/// Gets the sbytes from a string.
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|
/// <param name="encoding">The encoding.</param>
|
|
/// <param name="s">The s.</param>
|
|
/// <returns>The sbyte array from string.</returns>
|
|
public static SByte[] GetSBytes(this Encoding encoding, String s)
|
|
=> encoding.GetBytes(s).ToSByteArray();
|
|
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|
/// Gets the string from a sbyte array.
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|
/// <param name="encoding">The encoding.</param>
|
|
/// <param name="data">The data.</param>
|
|
/// <returns>The string.</returns>
|
|
public static String GetString(this Encoding encoding, SByte[] data)
|
|
=> encoding.GetString(data.ToByteArray());
|
|
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|
/// Reads a number of characters from the current source Stream and writes the data to the target array at the
|
|
/// specified index.
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|
/// <param name="sourceStream">The source stream.</param>
|
|
/// <param name="target">The target.</param>
|
|
/// <param name="start">The start.</param>
|
|
/// <param name="count">The count.</param>
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|
/// The number of bytes read.
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
|
|
/// sourceStream
|
|
/// or
|
|
/// target.
|
|
/// </exception>
|
|
public static Int32 ReadInput(this Stream sourceStream, ref SByte[] target, Int32 start, Int32 count) {
|
|
if(sourceStream == null) {
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sourceStream));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(target == null) {
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(target));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Returns 0 bytes if not enough space in target
|
|
if(target.Length == 0) {
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Byte[] receiver = new Byte[target.Length];
|
|
Int32 bytesRead = 0;
|
|
Int32 startIndex = start;
|
|
Int32 bytesToRead = count;
|
|
while(bytesToRead > 0) {
|
|
Int32 n = sourceStream.Read(receiver, startIndex, bytesToRead);
|
|
if(n == 0) {
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bytesRead += n;
|
|
startIndex += n;
|
|
bytesToRead -= n;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Returns -1 if EOF
|
|
if(bytesRead == 0) {
|
|
return -1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
for(Int32 i = start; i < start + bytesRead; i++) {
|
|
target[i] = (SByte)receiver[i];
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return bytesRead;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
private static String ToHex(Byte[] bytes, Boolean addPrefix, String format) {
|
|
if(bytes == null) {
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(bytes));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.Length * 2);
|
|
|
|
foreach(Byte item in bytes) {
|
|
_ = sb.Append(item.ToString(format, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return $"{(addPrefix ? "0x" : String.Empty)}{sb}";
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
} |