505 lines
20 KiB
C#
505 lines
20 KiB
C#
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.Globalization;
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using System.IO;
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using System.Linq;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Threading;
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using System.Threading.Tasks;
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namespace Swan
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{
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/// <summary>
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/// Provides various extension methods for byte arrays and streams.
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/// </summary>
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public static class ByteArrayExtensions
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{
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to its lower-case, hexadecimal representation.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <param name="addPrefix">if set to <c>true</c> add the 0x prefix tot he output.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// The specified string instance; no actual conversion is performed.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">bytes.</exception>
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public static string ToLowerHex(this byte[] bytes, bool addPrefix = false)
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=> ToHex(bytes, addPrefix, "x2");
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to its upper-case, hexadecimal representation.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <param name="addPrefix">if set to <c>true</c> [add prefix].</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// The specified string instance; no actual conversion is performed.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">bytes.</exception>
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public static string ToUpperHex(this byte[] bytes, bool addPrefix = false)
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=> ToHex(bytes, addPrefix, "X2");
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to a sequence of dash-separated, hexadecimal,
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/// uppercase characters.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A string of hexadecimal pairs separated by hyphens, where each pair represents
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/// the corresponding element in value; for example, "7F-2C-4A-00".
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/// </returns>
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public static string ToDashedHex(this byte[] bytes) => BitConverter.ToString(bytes);
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts an array of bytes to a base-64 encoded string.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="bytes">The bytes.</param>
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/// <returns>A <see cref="string" /> converted from an array of bytes.</returns>
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public static string ToBase64(this byte[] bytes) => Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
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/// <summary>
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/// Converts a set of hexadecimal characters (uppercase or lowercase)
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/// to a byte array. String length must be a multiple of 2 and
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/// any prefix (such as 0x) has to be avoided for this to work properly.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="this">The hexadecimal.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">hex.</exception>
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public static byte[] ConvertHexadecimalToBytes(this string @this)
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{
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if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(@this))
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(@this));
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return Enumerable
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.Range(0, @this.Length / 2)
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.Select(x => Convert.ToByte(@this.Substring(x * 2, 2), 16))
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.ToArray();
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Gets the bit value at the given offset.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="this">The b.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// Bit value at the given offset.
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/// </returns>
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public static byte GetBitValueAt(this byte @this, byte offset, byte length = 1) => (byte)((@this >> offset) & ~(0xff << length));
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/// <summary>
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/// Sets the bit value at the given offset.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="this">The b.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
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/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
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/// <returns>Bit value at the given offset.</returns>
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public static byte SetBitValueAt(this byte @this, byte offset, byte length, byte value)
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{
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var mask = ~(0xff << length);
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var valueAt = (byte)(value & mask);
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return (byte)((valueAt << offset) | (@this & ~(mask << offset)));
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Sets the bit value at the given offset.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="this">The b.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
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/// <returns>Bit value at the given offset.</returns>
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public static byte SetBitValueAt(this byte @this, byte offset, byte value) => @this.SetBitValueAt(offset, 1, value);
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/// <summary>
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/// Splits a byte array delimited by the specified sequence of bytes.
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/// Each individual element in the result will contain the split sequence terminator if it is found to be delimited by it.
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/// For example if you split [1,2,3,4] by a sequence of [2,3] this method will return a list with 2 byte arrays, one containing [1,2,3] and the
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/// second one containing 4. Use the Trim extension methods to remove terminator sequences.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="this">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset at which to start splitting bytes. Any bytes before this will be discarded.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results the specified sequence of bytes.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentNullException">
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/// buffer
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/// or
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/// sequence.
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/// </exception>
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public static List<byte[]> Split(this byte[] @this, int offset, params byte[] sequence)
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{
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if (@this == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(@this));
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if (sequence == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sequence));
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var seqOffset = offset.Clamp(0, @this.Length - 1);
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var result = new List<byte[]>();
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while (seqOffset < @this.Length)
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{
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var separatorStartIndex = @this.GetIndexOf(sequence, seqOffset);
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if (separatorStartIndex >= 0)
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{
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var item = new byte[separatorStartIndex - seqOffset + sequence.Length];
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Array.Copy(@this, seqOffset, item, 0, item.Length);
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result.Add(item);
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seqOffset += item.Length;
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}
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else
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{
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var item = new byte[@this.Length - seqOffset];
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Array.Copy(@this, seqOffset, item, 0, item.Length);
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result.Add(item);
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break;
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}
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}
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Clones the specified buffer, byte by byte.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="this">The buffer.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentNullException">this</exception>
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public static byte[] DeepClone(this byte[] @this)
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{
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if (@this == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(@this));
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var result = new byte[@this.Length];
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Array.Copy(@this, result, @this.Length);
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Removes the specified sequence from the start of the buffer if the buffer begins with such sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A new trimmed byte array.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static byte[] TrimStart(this byte[] buffer, params byte[] sequence)
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{
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if (buffer == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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if (buffer.StartsWith(sequence) == false)
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return buffer.DeepClone();
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var result = new byte[buffer.Length - sequence.Length];
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Array.Copy(buffer, sequence.Length, result, 0, result.Length);
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Removes the specified sequence from the end of the buffer if the buffer ends with such sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static byte[] TrimEnd(this byte[] buffer, params byte[] sequence)
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{
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if (buffer == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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if (buffer.EndsWith(sequence) == false)
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return buffer.DeepClone();
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var result = new byte[buffer.Length - sequence.Length];
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Array.Copy(buffer, 0, result, 0, result.Length);
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return result;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Removes the specified sequence from the end and the start of the buffer
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/// if the buffer ends and/or starts with such sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.</returns>
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public static byte[] Trim(this byte[] buffer, params byte[] sequence)
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{
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var trimStart = buffer.TrimStart(sequence);
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return trimStart.TrimEnd(sequence);
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines if the specified buffer ends with the given sequence of bytes.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// True if the specified buffer is ends; otherwise, false.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static bool EndsWith(this byte[] buffer, params byte[] sequence)
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{
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if (buffer == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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var startIndex = buffer.Length - sequence.Length;
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return buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence, startIndex) == startIndex;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines if the specified buffer starts with the given sequence of bytes.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns><c>true</c> if the specified buffer starts; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
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public static bool StartsWith(this byte[] buffer, params byte[] sequence) => buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence) == 0;
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines whether the buffer contains the specified sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// <c>true</c> if [contains] [the specified sequence]; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
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/// </returns>
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public static bool Contains(this byte[] buffer, params byte[] sequence) => buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence) >= 0;
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/// <summary>
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/// Determines whether the buffer exactly matches, byte by byte the specified sequence.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// <c>true</c> if [is equal to] [the specified sequence]; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
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public static bool IsEqualTo(this byte[] buffer, params byte[] sequence)
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{
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if (ReferenceEquals(buffer, sequence))
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return true;
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if (buffer == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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return buffer.Length == sequence.Length && buffer.GetIndexOf(sequence) == 0;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Returns the first instance of the matched sequence based on the given offset.
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/// If no matches are found then this method returns -1.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <param name="sequence">The sequence.</param>
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/// <param name="offset">The offset.</param>
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/// <returns>The index of the sequence.</returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
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/// buffer
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/// or
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/// sequence.
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/// </exception>
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public static int GetIndexOf(this byte[] buffer, byte[] sequence, int offset = 0)
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{
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if (buffer == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
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if (sequence == null)
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throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sequence));
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if (sequence.Length == 0)
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return -1;
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if (sequence.Length > buffer.Length)
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return -1;
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var seqOffset = offset < 0 ? 0 : offset;
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var matchedCount = 0;
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for (var i = seqOffset; i < buffer.Length; i++)
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{
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if (buffer[i] == sequence[matchedCount])
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matchedCount++;
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else
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matchedCount = 0;
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if (matchedCount == sequence.Length)
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return i - (matchedCount - 1);
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}
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return -1;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Appends the Memory Stream with the specified buffer.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
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/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
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/// <returns>
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/// The same MemoryStream instance.
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/// </returns>
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/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
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/// stream
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/// or
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/// buffer.
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/// </exception>
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|
public static MemoryStream Append(this MemoryStream stream, byte[] buffer)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
if (stream == null)
|
|||
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if (buffer == null)
|
|||
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffer));
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
|
|||
|
|
return stream;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// Appends the Memory Stream with the specified buffer.
|
|||
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// Block of bytes to the current stream using data read from a buffer.
|
|||
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffer.</exception>
|
|||
|
|
public static MemoryStream Append(this MemoryStream stream, IEnumerable<byte> buffer) => Append(stream, buffer?.ToArray());
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// Appends the Memory Stream with the specified set of buffers.
|
|||
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="buffers">The buffers.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// Block of bytes to the current stream using data read from a buffer.
|
|||
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">buffers.</exception>
|
|||
|
|
public static MemoryStream Append(this MemoryStream stream, IEnumerable<byte[]> buffers)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
if (buffers == null)
|
|||
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(buffers));
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
foreach (var buffer in buffers)
|
|||
|
|
Append(stream, buffer);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
return stream;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// Converts an array of bytes into text with the specified encoding.
|
|||
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="encoding">The encoding.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <returns>A <see cref="System.String" /> that contains the results of decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
|
|||
|
|
public static string ToText(this IEnumerable<byte> buffer, Encoding encoding) => encoding.GetString(buffer.ToArray());
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// Converts an array of bytes into text with UTF8 encoding.
|
|||
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="buffer">The buffer.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <returns>A <see cref="System.String" /> that contains the results of decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
|
|||
|
|
public static string ToText(this IEnumerable<byte> buffer) => buffer.ToText(Encoding.UTF8);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// Reads the bytes asynchronous.
|
|||
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="bufferLength">Length of the buffer.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
|
|||
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">stream.</exception>
|
|||
|
|
public static async Task<byte[]> ReadBytesAsync(this Stream stream, long length, int bufferLength, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
if (stream == null)
|
|||
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
using (var dest = new MemoryStream())
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
try
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
var buff = new byte[bufferLength];
|
|||
|
|
while (length > 0)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
if (length < bufferLength)
|
|||
|
|
bufferLength = (int)length;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
var nread = await stream.ReadAsync(buff, 0, bufferLength, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
|
|||
|
|
if (nread == 0)
|
|||
|
|
break;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
dest.Write(buff, 0, nread);
|
|||
|
|
length -= nread;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
catch
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
// ignored
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
return dest.ToArray();
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/// <summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// Reads the bytes asynchronous.
|
|||
|
|
/// </summary>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="stream">The stream.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
|
|||
|
|
/// <returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.
|
|||
|
|
/// </returns>
|
|||
|
|
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">stream.</exception>
|
|||
|
|
public static async Task<byte[]> ReadBytesAsync(this Stream stream, int length, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
if (stream == null)
|
|||
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
var buff = new byte[length];
|
|||
|
|
var offset = 0;
|
|||
|
|
try
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
while (length > 0)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
var nread = await stream.ReadAsync(buff, offset, length, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
|
|||
|
|
if (nread == 0)
|
|||
|
|
break;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
offset += nread;
|
|||
|
|
length -= nread;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
catch
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
// ignored
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
return new ArraySegment<byte>(buff, 0, offset).ToArray();
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
private static string ToHex(byte[] bytes, bool addPrefix, string format)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
if (bytes == null)
|
|||
|
|
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(bytes));
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
var sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.Length * 2);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
foreach (var item in bytes)
|
|||
|
|
sb.Append(item.ToString(format, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
return $"{(addPrefix ? "0x" : string.Empty)}{sb}";
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|